Question

Which principle of management suggests that there should be one and only one boss for every individual employee to avoid conflict?

• A. \( \text{Unity of Direction} \)
• B. \( \text{Unity of Command} \)
• C. \( \text{Scalar Chain} \)
• D. \( \text{Order} \)

Hint:

Command refers to “who gives orders,” while Direction refers to “where the organization is heading.”

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
In administrative management theory, Henri Fayol developed 14 fundamental principles of management to guide organizational design and efficiency. A key focus of these principles is structuring the lines of authority and communication clearly. This prevents confusion, duplication of work, and interpersonal conflict among employees.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's analyze the management principles listed in the options: - (A) Unity of Direction: This principle states that there should be "one head and one plan" for a group of activities having the same objective. It focuses on coordinating the entire department or organization. - (B) Unity of Command: This principle explicitly states that an individual employee should receive orders and be accountable to one and only one superior boss. If an employee receives instructions from two or more bosses simultaneously, it creates dual subordination. This leads to confusion, undermines authority, dilutes discipline, and causes conflict over whose orders to prioritize. - (C) Scalar Chain: This represents the formal line of authority and communication running from the highest rank to the lowest rank in a straight chain. - (D) Order: This refers to the systematic arrangement of materials ("material order") and people ("social order") in their designated places for maximum efficiency. Therefore, the principle that mandates a single boss for an individual employee is Unity of Command. This matches option (B).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The principle of management described is Unity of Command.