Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
"Mental Revolution" is a core component of F.W. Taylor’s Scientific Management.
In the traditional factory system, management and workers were often in conflict—workers wanted more pay for less work, while management wanted more work for less pay.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Taylor proposed that instead of fighting over the division of the surplus (profits), both parties should focus on increasing the size of the surplus through cooperation.
This requires a complete "Mental Revolution," which is defined as a total change of attitude on the part of both management and workers.
- Workers must change their attitude toward work and management, shifting from suspicion to cooperation.
- Management must change their attitude toward workers, treating them as partners in productivity rather than just a cost to be minimized.
While options (B) and (C) are results or parts of this philosophy, the phrase that most fundamentally captures the essence of a "revolution" of the mind is a "change of attitude."
Without this psychological shift, scientific methods like time study or motion study would be seen as exploitative by the workers.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Mental Revolution essentially means a fundamental shift or change in attitude. Option (A) is correct.