Question

Which one of the following is the characteristic of ‘Phase-III’ of population growth in India?

• A. High female literacy and declining population
• B. Improvisation in medical facilities and living conditions
• C. Great Economic Depression and effects of World War II
• D. Low population growth and low net increase

Hint:

In Phase-III, focus on the impact of improved healthcare and living conditions. This leads to a decrease in the death rate and lays the foundation for the later stabilization of population growth.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Phase-III of India's population growth is defined by a declining death rate, attributed to enhancements in medical facilities, healthcare services, and living standards. Advances in healthcare infrastructure and improved living conditions, including better sanitation and access to clean water, led to lower mortality rates. This period saw continued population expansion, albeit at a decelerating pace, as India approached population stabilization.
- Option (A) is incorrect; while high female literacy aids population control, it is not the defining feature of Phase-III.
- Option (C) is incorrect; the Great Economic Depression and World War II did not significantly influence the specific traits of India's Phase-III population growth.
- Option (D) is incorrect; low population growth and minimal net increase are characteristic of Phase-IV, a later stage of population growth.
Therefore, the accurate response is (B) Improvisation in medical facilities and living conditions.