Question:medium
Which of the following teratogenic effects is incorrectly matched?
Which of the following teratogenic effects is incorrectly matched?
Show Hint
One antiretroviral is safe in pregnancy and has no bone teratogenicity.
Updated On: Jun 24, 2026
- Phenytoin and Cleft lip / palate
- Zidovudine and Skull defects
- Valproate and Neural tube defects
- Warfarin and Nasal bone dysplasia
Show Solution
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Read the question as a true/false sorting task. Three of the four couplets describe established human teratogens, and one is fabricated.
Start with the drugs that have textbook syndromes. Phenytoin produces fetal hydantoin syndrome, in which orofacial clefting (cleft lip and palate) is a hallmark, so pairing A holds. Sodium valproate is the antiepileptic most feared for spinal dysraphism, so its link with neural tube defects in pairing C is genuine. Warfarin given in early pregnancy yields fetal warfarin syndrome, whose signature is a flattened, underdeveloped nose from nasal cartilage hypoplasia plus chondrodysplasia punctata, validating pairing D.
That leaves zidovudine. This nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is actually a pregnancy workhorse, given to cut mother-to-child HIV transmission, and it carries no reputation for cranial bone defects. Defects of the skull vault belong to other agents such as methimazole and ACE inhibitors. Hence the zidovudine and skull-defect link is the false statement.
$\therefore$ the mismatched option is B.
\[\boxed{\text{Zidovudine and Skull defects}}\]
Start with the drugs that have textbook syndromes. Phenytoin produces fetal hydantoin syndrome, in which orofacial clefting (cleft lip and palate) is a hallmark, so pairing A holds. Sodium valproate is the antiepileptic most feared for spinal dysraphism, so its link with neural tube defects in pairing C is genuine. Warfarin given in early pregnancy yields fetal warfarin syndrome, whose signature is a flattened, underdeveloped nose from nasal cartilage hypoplasia plus chondrodysplasia punctata, validating pairing D.
That leaves zidovudine. This nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is actually a pregnancy workhorse, given to cut mother-to-child HIV transmission, and it carries no reputation for cranial bone defects. Defects of the skull vault belong to other agents such as methimazole and ACE inhibitors. Hence the zidovudine and skull-defect link is the false statement.
$\therefore$ the mismatched option is B.
\[\boxed{\text{Zidovudine and Skull defects}}\]
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