Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Green Revolution (late 1960s) was a transformative phase in Indian agriculture.
It aimed at making India self-sufficient in food grain production following years of shortages and dependency on imports.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The Green Revolution was built upon a "package technology" consisting of:
1. High Yielding Variety (HYV) Seeds: Specially developed seeds for wheat and rice that could produce more grain per plant.
2. Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides: To provide nutrients and protect the delicate HYV plants.
3. Controlled Irrigation: HYV seeds require a constant and regulated water supply, which led to the expansion of canal and tube-well systems.
4. Mechanization: Introduction of modern tools like tractors.
The primary objective was to increase the yield of food grains, especially wheat and rice.
Option (A) is incorrect as plantations (tea/coffee) were already established and were not the focus of this revolution.
Option (C) is incorrect because shifting cultivation is ecologically harmful and the Green Revolution focused on sedentary intensive farming.
Option (D) is the opposite of the goal, which was to significantly increase food grain cultivation.
Thus, Option (B) accurately captures the technological and productive essence of the movement.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The Green Revolution focused on technological inputs to boost food grain output.
The correct answer is (B).