The Sun's electromagnetic radiation spectrum includes visible light, ultraviolet (UV) rays, and infrared rays. Of these, infrared rays are the principal source of Earth's warmth. Infrared rays are absorbed by Earth and then re-emitted as heat, which maintains the planet's temperature, a phenomenon known as the greenhouse effect. While visible light provides illumination and UV rays have effects like sunburn, infrared radiation is crucial for heating Earth's surface and atmosphere. Therefore, option (A), Infrared rays, is the correct answer.