Earth's seasons are a result of its axial tilt of approximately 23.5 degrees relative to its orbital plane.
This tilt leads to variations in the amount of sunlight reaching different Earth regions annually.
When a hemisphere angles towards the Sun, it experiences summer due to more direct solar rays.
Conversely, the opposing hemisphere, tilted away, experiences winter as sunlight is dispersed over a wider area, resulting in shorter, colder days.
The Earth's distance from the Sun has a negligible impact on seasons because its nearly circular orbit causes minimal distance fluctuations.
While the Earth's orbit around the Sun influences the timing of seasons, the axial tilt is their fundamental cause.