Question

Which of the following is made up of dead cells?

• A. Xylem parenchyma
• B. Collenchyma
• C. Phellem
• D. Phloem

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

To determine which of the given options is made up of dead cells, we can analyze each component:

1. Xylem parenchyma: This is a type of parenchyma cell found in the xylem tissue. Parenchyma cells are typically living cells that play a role in storage and repair.
2. Collenchyma: Collenchyma cells are living cells that provide support to the plant and are characterized by unevenly thickened cell walls.
3. Phellem: Phellem, also known as cork, is part of the bark of woody plants. It is made up of dead cells that form a tough protective layer, helping to prevent water loss and protect against physical damage and pathogen attack.
4. Phloem: Phloem is a complex tissue responsible for the transport of nutrients, particularly sugars, in plants. Phloem consists of different types of cells, such as sieve elements which are typically living. However, phloem fibers found in phloem are dead at maturity.

Based on the above explanation, Phellem is made up of dead cells, as it serves a protective function by forming a part of the outer bark layer in plants. The other options involve mainly living cells or tissues with both living and some dead components (like in phloem fibers), but Phellem distinctly consists of dead cells.

Thus, the correct answer is Phellem.