Question:medium
Which of the following is/are radiological features of fluorosis?
Which of the following is/are radiological features of fluorosis?
Show Hint
Dense bone, thick cortex, and ligament ossification all coexist.
Updated On: Jun 24, 2026
- Osteosclerosis
- Cortical thickening
- Enthesopathy
- All the above
Show Solution
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: In long-standing fluoride toxicity the bone-forming cells are over-driven, so the skeleton becomes denser and structurally disordered, and this is what the radiograph captures.
Step 2: The most striking change is a marked rise in bone density, the axial skeleton turning chalk-white; this is the osteosclerosis component.
Step 3: Additional bone is laid down on the inner cortical surface, thickening the cortex and narrowing the marrow space, while ossification spreads into ligaments and tendon insertions to create the enthesopathy and bridging osteophytes typical of the disease.
Step 4: Every option names a true radiological finding, so none can be singled out.
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Step 2: The most striking change is a marked rise in bone density, the axial skeleton turning chalk-white; this is the osteosclerosis component.
Step 3: Additional bone is laid down on the inner cortical surface, thickening the cortex and narrowing the marrow space, while ossification spreads into ligaments and tendon insertions to create the enthesopathy and bridging osteophytes typical of the disease.
Step 4: Every option names a true radiological finding, so none can be singled out.
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