Question

Which of the following indicator(s) is/are used by the NITI Aayog’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) India Index 2023-24 report to measure India’s performance towards SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities)?

• A. Percentage of seats held by women in Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)
• B. Income inequality using Gini coefficient
• C. Unemployment rate in the age group of 15-59 years
• D. Annual growth rate of GDP per-capita at constant prices

Hint:

The Gini coefficient is one of the most important measures of income inequality. A lower Gini value indicates a more equal distribution of income in society.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B, C

Step 1: Fix the goal.
SDG 10 is about reduced inequalities, so its indicators should track income gaps and unequal access.

Step 2: Check option A.
Women's seats in panchayats is about gender and governance, which belongs to SDG 5, not SDG 10. So A is wrong.

Step 3: Check option B.
The Gini coefficient measures income inequality head on, so it fits SDG 10. So B is correct.

Step 4: Check option C.
The unemployment rate for ages 15 to 59 reflects unequal access to jobs and income, and the index uses it under SDG 10. So C is correct.

Step 5: Check option D.
GDP per capita growth is about overall growth, which sits under SDG 8, not inequality. So D is wrong.
\[ \boxed{(B)\text{ and }(C)} \]