Question

Which of the following conditions is associated with polyhydramnios?

• A. Posterior urethral valves
• B. Cleft palate
• C. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
• D. Bladder exstrophy

Hint:

Polyhydramnios follows impaired fetal swallowing; oligohydramnios follows poor urine output.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The key idea is the fetal swallowing pump. The fetus normally drinks large volumes of amniotic fluid every day; anything that blocks the mouth-to-gut route lets fluid pile up and gives polyhydramnios, while anything that cuts urine output dries the sac and gives oligohydramnios.

Run each option through this rule. Posterior urethral valves block the urinary tract, so less urine reaches the sac, which means low fluid, the opposite of what is asked. Bladder exstrophy is a surface defect of the bladder wall and does not interfere with swallowing or with the bulk of urine production, so it is not tied to high fluid.

A diaphragmatic hernia can sometimes raise fluid by kinking the displaced stomach, but it is not the cleanest match among the choices. Cleft palate directly disrupts the swallowing mechanism: the fetus cannot clear the fluid it should be drinking, and the volume rises. That is the textbook link with polyhydramnios.

So the condition tied to polyhydramnios here is cleft palate.
\[\boxed{\text{Cleft palate}}\]