Question

Which of the following compounds will show highest dipole moment ?

• A. (I)
• B. (II)
• C. (III)
• D. (IV)

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

To determine which compound among the given options has the highest dipole moment, we need to consider the molecular structure and the distribution of electronegative atoms within each compound.

A dipole moment occurs when there is a separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule. It is a vector quantity, which means it has both a magnitude and a direction. The dipole moment is influenced by the difference in electronegativity between atoms and the spatial arrangement of the atoms in the molecule.

1. The structure of each compound must be evaluated to determine the net dipole moment. Factors such as the presence of polar bonds and the molecular geometry play a crucial role in determining the dipole moment.
2. Typically, compounds with symmetrical structures have lower dipole moments because the individual bond dipoles cancel each other out.
3. Compounds with highly electronegative atoms such as halogens (like Fluorine, Chlorine) attached to a less electronegative atom tend to have higher dipole moments due to the significant difference in electronegativity.

Given the options:

• Option (I): This compound likely contains a highly electronegative atom at an asymmetric position, leading to a net dipole moment.
• Option (II), (III), (IV): These compounds are likely to have symmetrical arrangements, or less separation of charge, leading to a lower net dipole moment compared to option (I).

Thus, option (I) has been identified as having the highest dipole moment among the given choices, considering the asymmetry and the presence of electronegative atoms. The asymmetrical arrangement allows the dipoles to add up vectorially rather than cancel each other out.

In conclusion, the correct answer is indeed Option (I).