Step 1: Recall the classic mnemonic Lady between two Majors. A Lady (Latissimus dorsi) lies in the floor of the bicipital groove, flanked by two Majors - Pectoralis major on the outer wall and Teres major on the inner wall.
Step 2: Mapping the lips: lateral lip = Pectoralis major, medial lip = Teres major, and the floor (between the two lips) = Latissimus dorsi. The question asks specifically about the floor, which points to Latissimus dorsi.
Step 3: Eliminating distractors: Teres major sits on the medial lip and Pectoralis major on the lateral lip, so neither occupies the floor. Deltoid is unrelated to the groove and inserts on the deltoid tuberosity of the shaft.
Step 4: Therefore the muscle in the floor of the intertubercular sulcus is the Latissimus dorsi.
\[\boxed{\text{Latissimus dorsi}}\]