Question

Which among the following are not constitutional bodies?

1. EC
2. CVC
3. NHRC
4. UPSC

Correct code:

• A. 1 only
• B. 2 and 3 only
• C. 3 and 4 only
• D. All of the above

Hint:

Check which of these bodies are created by specific Articles of the Constitution versus by ordinary Acts of Parliament.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
A constitutional body is one that the Constitution of India itself creates through a specific Article, while a statutory body is created later by an ordinary Act of Parliament and can, in principle, be changed more easily than a constitutional provision.

Step 2: Key Approach:
Check each of the four bodies against the Constitution's Articles to see which ones actually appear there.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
The Election Commission traces its authority to Article 324, so it is constitutional.
The Union Public Service Commission traces its authority to Articles 315 to 323, so it too is constitutional.
The Central Vigilance Commission has no Article backing it. It began as an executive resolution in 1964 and only got legal force through the CVC Act of 2003, which makes it a statutory body.
The National Human Rights Commission was formed under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, again an ordinary law and not a constitutional Article, so it is also statutory.
This means only CVC and NHRC, numbers 2 and 3, are not constitutional bodies.

Step 4: Final Answer:
The bodies that are not constitutional are CVC and NHRC, so the correct code is 2 and 3 only, option (b).