Step 1: The query concerns the timing of union of the spheno-occipital junction, a key skull-base landmark for estimating age in skeletal remains.
Step 2: Fusion of the basisphenoid with the basiocciput occurs in the late teens to about twenty-one years, so the 18 to 22 year band correctly captures this window.
Step 3: Because this is one of the later cranial unions, finding it fused tells the examiner that growth is essentially complete and the person is at least in early adulthood.
Step 4: The options at 12 to 14 and 14 to 16 years correspond to earlier developmental events and are therefore incorrect for this particular synchondrosis.
\[\boxed{\text{18 to 22 years}}\]