Question

What type of changes in behavior qualify as learning?

• A. Temporary changes due to illness
• B. Permanent changes due to drugs
• C. Deliberate changes due to instruction
• D. Relatively permanent changes brought about by experience

Hint:

Learning = Lasting behavioral change from experience, not temporary or drug-induced effects.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Learning requires two features together, relative permanence and origin in experience.
Step 2: Illness (1) fails the permanence test; drug effects (2) fail the experience test; instruction alone (3) need not be lasting.
Step 3: Only option (4) satisfies both conditions.
\[ \boxed{\text{Relatively permanent change from experience, Option (4)}} \]