Question:medium
What is the likely diagnosis in a case with renal calcification, irregular bladder wall outline, and hematuria?
What is the likely diagnosis in a case with renal calcification, irregular bladder wall outline, and hematuria?
Show Hint
Chronic parasitic egg deposits in the bladder wall cause calcification and hematuria over years.
Updated On: Jul 8, 2026
- Tuberculosis
- Schistosomiasis
- Amyloidosis
- Hunner's cystitis
Show Solution
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Start from the calcification clue.
Calcification along the urinary tract with an irregular bladder wall points to a chronic parasitic or infective disease that deposits calcium over years, not an acute event.
Step 2: Bring in the parasite.
Schistosoma haematobium lays eggs in the veins around the bladder. The eggs die and calcify inside the bladder wall, giving it a gritty, irregular, sometimes shrunken shape on imaging. This is the well known "sandy patches" and calcified bladder appearance.
Step 3: Connect to hematuria.
As eggs push through the mucosa to reach the urine, they damage small vessels and cause painless blood in the urine, often the first sign patients notice.
Step 4: Rule out the look alikes.
Tuberculosis calcifies too, but it usually shrinks the bladder into a small thimble shape with associated ureteric strictures, a different pattern. Amyloidosis and Hunner's cystitis do not produce this calcified bladder picture at all.
Step 5: Conclude.
The full picture fits urinary schistosomiasis best.
\[ \boxed{\text{Schistosomiasis}} \]
Calcification along the urinary tract with an irregular bladder wall points to a chronic parasitic or infective disease that deposits calcium over years, not an acute event.
Step 2: Bring in the parasite.
Schistosoma haematobium lays eggs in the veins around the bladder. The eggs die and calcify inside the bladder wall, giving it a gritty, irregular, sometimes shrunken shape on imaging. This is the well known "sandy patches" and calcified bladder appearance.
Step 3: Connect to hematuria.
As eggs push through the mucosa to reach the urine, they damage small vessels and cause painless blood in the urine, often the first sign patients notice.
Step 4: Rule out the look alikes.
Tuberculosis calcifies too, but it usually shrinks the bladder into a small thimble shape with associated ureteric strictures, a different pattern. Amyloidosis and Hunner's cystitis do not produce this calcified bladder picture at all.
Step 5: Conclude.
The full picture fits urinary schistosomiasis best.
\[ \boxed{\text{Schistosomiasis}} \]
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