Honey bee (Apis species) lifespan differs by caste. Queen bees live 2-5 years with good care, laying thousands of eggs daily for colony survival. Sterile female worker bees live 4-6 weeks during foraging seasons (spring/summer). Workers born in late autumn can live several months, overwintering in the hive. Male drones have the shortest lifespan of 6-8 weeks, typically dying after mating or being expelled before winter to save resources. This caste-specific lifespan maintains colony balance and productivity year-round.