Focusing on how individuals interact and the meanings they assign to things, events, and actions, symbolic interactionism is a sociological theory. It highlights the importance of symbols like language, gestures, and social cues in influencing human interactions and building social reality.
The other choices point to different sociological viewpoints: economic systems (A) are key to conflict theory, structural functionalism examines social institutions (C), and conflict theory centers on the clash between social classes (D). In contrast, symbolic interactionism concentrates on how individuals and groups interact via symbols.