Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Common table salt is an ionic compound formed by the chemical bonding of specific metal and non-metal elements.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
The approach is to recall the standard chemical nomenclature and formula for the dietary salt consumed by humans.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
Table salt is chemically known as Sodium chloride.
It is composed of sodium cations \( (\text{Na}^+) \) and chloride anions \( (\text{Cl}^-) \) bonded together in a 1:1 molar ratio by strong ionic bonds.
Therefore, its correct chemical formula is NaCl.
Looking at the other options, KCl stands for Potassium chloride.
CaCl\( _2 \) stands for Calcium chloride.
Na\( _2 \)SO\( _4 \) stands for Sodium sulfate.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The chemical formula for common table salt is NaCl.