Question:medium
What is the cause of cardiogenic (myocardial) shock other than acute myocardial infarction?
What is the cause of cardiogenic (myocardial) shock other than acute myocardial infarction?
Show Hint
Mechanical complications and right-heart failure all cause pump shock, not just MI.
Updated On: Jun 23, 2026
- Acute mitral regurgitation
- Ventricular septal rupture
- Isolated right ventricular shock
- All of the above
Show Solution
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Read the stem carefully - it asks for causes of pump (myocardial) shock apart from a heart attack, so we must judge each option on whether it can independently drop cardiac output enough to cause shock.
Step 2: Option a, acute mitral regurgitation: a torn or dysfunctional papillary muscle lets blood leak back into the left atrium, so forward output collapses. Valid cause.
Step 3: Option b, ventricular septal rupture: a hole in the septum diverts blood from left to right ventricle, wasting stroke volume and starving the systemic circulation. Valid cause.
Step 4: Option c, isolated right ventricular shock: when the right ventricle fails it cannot fill the lungs and hence the left heart, so systemic output falls. Valid cause.
Step 5: Since each of the three is individually a true non-MI cause of cardiogenic shock, no single option can be the best answer; the inclusive choice is correct.\[\boxed{\text{All of the above}}\]
Step 2: Option a, acute mitral regurgitation: a torn or dysfunctional papillary muscle lets blood leak back into the left atrium, so forward output collapses. Valid cause.
Step 3: Option b, ventricular septal rupture: a hole in the septum diverts blood from left to right ventricle, wasting stroke volume and starving the systemic circulation. Valid cause.
Step 4: Option c, isolated right ventricular shock: when the right ventricle fails it cannot fill the lungs and hence the left heart, so systemic output falls. Valid cause.
Step 5: Since each of the three is individually a true non-MI cause of cardiogenic shock, no single option can be the best answer; the inclusive choice is correct.\[\boxed{\text{All of the above}}\]
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