Direct Definitions
- Phycobiont: It is the algal component (partner) of a lichen. The phycobiont is usually a green alga or a cyanobacterium that contains chlorophyll and prepares food by photosynthesis.
- Mycobiont: It is the fungal component (partner) of a lichen. The mycobiont is usually an ascomycete or basidiomycete fungus that provides protection, shelter and absorbs water and mineral nutrients.
Relationship Between Phycobiont and Mycobiont
- In lichens, phycobiont (alga) and mycobiont (fungus) live together in a close, intimate association called symbiosis.
- The algal partner (phycobiont) prepares organic food by photosynthesis and shares it with the fungus.
- The fungal partner (mycobiont) provides a moist, protected environment, anchors the lichen to the substrate and absorbs water and minerals from the surroundings, which are then made available to the alga.
- Because both partners benefit from this association, the lichen is a good example of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship.
Short Exam-style Answer
The term phycobiont denotes the algal component of a lichen, which contains chlorophyll and prepares food by photosynthesis. The term mycobiont denotes the fungal component of a lichen, which provides shelter, support and absorbs water and minerals. Together, the phycobiont and mycobiont form a symbiotic, mutualistic association called a lichen.