Question

What are the products obtained on hydrolysis of sucrose?

Hint:

Sucrose hydrolysis gives: Glucose + Fructose = Invert sugar

Answer 1

Concept:
Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of two monosaccharide units:

• Glucose
• Fructose

These units are linked through a glycosidic bond between: \[ \alpha\text{-D-glucose} \; \text{and} \; \beta\text{-D-fructose} \]
Step 1: Hydrolysis of sucrose.
Sucrose can be hydrolysed using:

• Dilute acid (HCl or H\(_2\)SO\(_4\))
• Enzyme invertase (sucrase)

This reaction breaks the glycosidic bond.
Step 2: Products formed.
The hydrolysis reaction is as follows: \[ C_{12}H_{22}O_{11} + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + C_6H_{12}O_6 \] The two monosaccharides formed are:

• D-glucose
• D-fructose

Step 3: Additional note.
The mixture formed is called invert sugar because the optical rotation changes from dextrorotatory to levorotatory. \[ \therefore \text{Hydrolysis products = Glucose and Fructose} \]