Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks for the founder of the social reform organization named 'Satyashodhak Samaj'.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
This is a knowledge-based question from the history of social reform movements in 19th-century India. We need to identify the correct social reformer associated with the organization.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
- The Satyashodhak Samaj (which translates to the Truth-seekers' Society) was a social reform society founded on 24 September 1873 in Pune, Maharashtra.
- Its founder was the prominent social reformer, writer, and thinker Jyotirao Phule (often called Jyotiba Phule).
- The primary objective of the Samaj was to liberate the Shudra and Ati Shudra (the lower castes) and women from exploitation and oppression. It championed education for all, social equality, and challenged the caste system and the ritualistic dominance of the Brahmin class.
- The other leaders listed are associated with different movements: Raja Ram Mohan Roy with the Brahmo Samaj, Swami Dayanand Saraswati with the Arya Samaj, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a prominent nationalist leader.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The Satyashodhak Samaj was founded under the leadership of Jyotirao Phule.