Question

The validity of the First Amendment to the Indian Constitution was challenged in which case?

• A. Indra Sawhney v. Union of India
• B. MC Mehta v. Union of India
• C. K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra
• D. Shankari Prasad Singh Deo v. Union of India

Hint:

Important Constitutional Cases: \[ \text{Shankari Prasad (1951)} \rightarrow \text{Parliament Can Amend Fundamental Rights} \] \[ \text{Golaknath (1967)} \rightarrow \text{Parliament Cannot Amend Fundamental Rights} \] \[ \text{Kesavananda Bharati (1973)} \rightarrow \text{Basic Structure Doctrine} \]

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Recall the First Amendment.
The First Constitutional Amendment of 1951 added Articles 31A and 31B and the Ninth Schedule, mainly to protect land reform laws.

Step 2: Identify the dispute.
People asked whether Parliament could amend fundamental rights at all.

Step 3: Find the case.
This question came up in Shankari Prasad Singh Deo v. Union of India (1951), the first big amendment case.

Step 4: Recall the ruling.
The Supreme Court held that an amendment under Article 368 is not a law under Article 13, so Parliament could amend fundamental rights. The amendment was upheld.

Step 5: Rule out the others.
Indra Sawhney is about reservations, MC Mehta about environment, and Nanavati a famous murder trial. None challenged the First Amendment.

Answer: Shankari Prasad Singh Deo v. Union of India (Option 4).