Step 1: Cancel pi right away and isolate the cube.
From $V=\frac43\pi r^3=36\pi$, cancel $\pi$ from both sides: $\frac43 r^3=36$, so $r^3=27$.
Step 2: Spot the perfect cube.
27 is a familiar perfect cube: $3\times3\times3=27$, so $r=3$.
Step 3: Quickly check it fits.
With $r=3$, $\frac43\pi(3)^3=\frac43\pi(27)=36\pi$, which matches the given volume.
\[ \boxed{3 \text{ cm}} \]