Question

“The question of sustainability of development becoming more complex day by day.” Examine the statement in context of use of underground water in India.

Hint:

Sustainable groundwater use requires regulation, awareness, and efficient technology.

Answer 1

Sustainable development balances economic growth with the responsible use of natural resources to protect the environment. India's groundwater situation exemplifies this challenge:
Overuse: States like Punjab and Haryana face significant water table declines due to excessive groundwater use for farming.
Unequal Access: Wealthier farmers, using modern extraction methods, deplete water resources, disadvantaging smaller farmers.
Insufficient Control: Many regions lack regulations governing groundwater usage.
Contamination: Fertilizers and industrial waste are polluting groundwater supplies. Sustainable development requires:
Rainwater collection and groundwater replenishment.
Efficient irrigation methods, such as drip and sprinkler systems.
Laws to manage water extraction.