Question:medium

The mean and variance of eight observations are 9 and 9.25, respectively. If six of the observations are 6, 7, 10, 12, 12 and 13, find the remaining two observations.

Updated On: Jan 21, 2026
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Solution and Explanation

Let the remaining two observations be x and y. 

Therefore, the observations are 6, 7, 10, 12, 12, 13, x, y.

\(Mean\,\bar{x}\frac{6+7+10+12+13+x+y}{8}=9\)

\(⇒60+x+y+72\)

\(⇒x+y=12\)…….(1)

\(varience=9.25=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^8(x_i-\bar{x})^2\)

\(9.25=\frac{1}{8}[(-3)^2+(-2)^2+(1)^1+(3)^2+(3)^2+(4)^2+x^2+y^2-2×9(x+y)+2×(9)^2]\)

\(9.25=\frac{1}{8}[9+4+1+9+9+16+x^2+y^2-18(12)+162].........[Using(1)]\)

\(9.25=\frac{1}{8}[48+x^2+y^2-216+162]\)

\(9.25=\frac{1}{8}[x^2+y^2-6]\)

\(⇒x^2+y^2=80\)  ……(2)

From (1), we obtain 

\(x ^2 + y^2 + 2xy = 144 -(3)\)

From (2) and (3), we obtain \(2xy = 64 -(4)\)

Subtracting (4) from (2), we obtain 

\(x 2 + y 2 -2xy = 80-64 = 16\)

\(⇒ x-y = ± 4(5)\)

Therefore, from (1) and (5), we obtain 

x = 8 and y = 4, when x-y = 4 

x = 4 and y = 8, when x-y = 4 

Thus, the remaining observations are 4 and 8.

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