Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Both F.W. Taylor and Henry Fayol were pioneers of the "Classical School" of management.
However, they looked at the problem of organizational efficiency from two different ends of the spectrum.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
F.W. Taylor is known as the father of "Scientific Management."
His principles are scientific because they rely on objective observation, measurement, and experimentation.
He replaced the "Rule of Thumb" with scientific analysis to determine the "one best way" to perform a task.
His focus was on the "Micro-level"—the individual worker and the specific machine task.
Henry Fayol, on the other hand, is known as the father of "Administrative Management."
His principles (like Scalar Chain, Unity of Command, and Centralization) are administrative in nature because they focus on the "Macro-level"—the overall structure and management of the entire organization.
Fayol’s work was aimed at developing a framework for how managers should perform their duties and how departments should be organized to achieve common goals.
He treated management as a universal set of functions that could be applied across any department or organization.
Therefore, while Taylor’s principles are technical and task-oriented (Scientific), Fayol’s principles are structural and management-oriented (Administrative).
Step 3: Final Answer:
The nature of Fayol’s principles is administrative. Thus, the correct option is (D).