The ecological viewpoint presented in the question prioritizes forest conservation for human-centric benefits like oxygen production, rainfall enhancement, and air quality improvement, rather than acknowledging their intrinsic value. This approach is characteristic of Shallow Ecology.
Shallow Ecology is defined by its focus on the environmental benefits to humans. It supports environmental protection primarily because of the advantages it offers to people, as opposed to recognizing nature's inherent worth. This perspective stands in contrast to Deep Ecology, which asserts the intrinsic value of all life forms, irrespective of their usefulness to human requirements.
Based on this distinction, the accurate answer to the question is: Shallow ecology
List-I(Forest Act/Policy) | List-II(Year) |
| (A) Forest Act | (I) 1927 |
| (B) National Forest Policy | (II)1980 |
| (C) Forest Conservation Act | (III) 1980 |
| (D) Wildlife Protection Act | (IV) 1972 |