Itai-Itai disease, a debilitating condition characterized by severe pain, stems from cadmium poisoning. Cadmium, a highly toxic heavy metal, is prevalent in industrial waste. The disease's initial identification occurred in Japan, affecting people who ingested rice grown in fields irrigated with cadmium-contaminated water. This underscores the profound human health consequences of prolonged environmental cadmium exposure.
| Contaminant | Associated Disease |
|---|---|
| Cadmium | Itai-Itai |
| Mercury | Minamata |
| Arsenic | Arsenicosis |
| Chromium | Various chronic conditions |
Consequently, the presence of cadmium in drinking water is the direct cause of Itai-Itai disease.
List-I(Protocol/Convention) | List-II(Year) |
| (A) Kyoto Protocol | (I) 1987 |
| (B) Montreal Protocol | (II)1997 |
| (C) Bamako Convention | (III) 1989 |
| (D) Basel Convention | (IV) 1998 |