The question involves the concept of wet and dry deposition in the environment. Wet deposition refers to the process by which particles are removed from the atmosphere via precipitation, such as rain or snow, whereas dry deposition involves the settling of atmospheric particles without the aid of precipitation.
Let's analyze the given options:
X = Ammonium salts, Y = \( \text{SO}_2 \)
- Ammonium salts (like ammonium sulfate) are often dissolved and deposited through rainwater, indicating wet deposition.
- Sulfur dioxide (\( \text{SO}_2 \)) is a gas that can settle onto surfaces directly, which is typically dry deposition.
X = \( \text{CO}_2 \), Y = \( \text{SO}_2 \)
- Both \( \text{CO}_2 \) and \( \text{SO}_2 \) are gases primarily removed via dry deposition processes. This does not fit the definitions of wet and dry deposition accurately.
X = \( \text{SO}_2 \), Y = Ammonium salts
- This suggests \( \text{SO}_2 \) should be in wet deposition, which isn't typical as mentioned earlier; ammonium salts ordinarily undergo wet deposition due to their solubility in water.
X = Ammonium salts, Y = \( \text{CO}_2 \)
- Ammonium salts can undergo wet deposition, but \( \text{CO}_2 \) is primarily involved in dry deposition. While it can be part of rainwater, it does not align perfectly with the typical processes involved in wet deposition.
In conclusion, the pair where X is Ammonium salts and Y is \( \text{SO}_2 \) best fits the descriptions of wet and dry deposition respectively. Therefore, the correct answer is:
