Question

The complex with the highest magnitude of crystal field splitting energy (\(\Delta_0\)) is:

• A. \( [Cr(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)
• B. \( [Ti(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)
• C. \( [Fe(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)
• D. \( [Mn(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)

Hint:

For transition metals, a higher oxidation state and stronger ligand field lead to a greater \(\Delta_0\).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Crystal Field Splitting Determinants
The crystal field splitting energy (\(\Delta_0\)) is influenced by the metal's oxidation state, ionic radius, and the nature of the ligands. A higher oxidation state results in more significant splitting.
Step 2: Ion Size Comparison
\( Cr^{3+} \) exhibits a smaller ionic radius compared to \( Mn^{3+} \), \( Fe^{3+} \), and \( Ti^{3+} \).
Smaller cations exhibit stronger interactions with ligands, leading to an increased \(\Delta_0\).
Conclusion: The complex \( [Cr(OH)_6]^{3+} \) possesses the greatest crystal field splitting energy.