Question

The common oxidation states of Ti are

• A. +2, +3
• B. +3, +4
• C. 3, -4
• D. +2, +3, +4

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

 Titanium (Ti) is an element from the transition metal group of the periodic table, often exhibiting multiple oxidation states. Understanding the common oxidation states of titanium is crucial for predicting its chemical behavior in compounds.

To determine the common oxidation states of titanium, let's consider its electronic configuration and typical behavior:

1. Electronic Configuration: The electronic configuration of titanium is \(\text{[Ar]}\, 3d^2\, 4s^2\). This indicates that titanium can lose electrons from both the 3d and 4s orbitals.
2. Common Oxidation States:
   • Titanium can lose two electrons from the 4s orbitals, resulting in an oxidation state of +2. However, this state is less common in comparison.
   • The most common oxidation states are +3 and +4, where titanium loses additional electrons from the 3d orbitals:
     • +3 Oxidation State: Titanium loses three electrons in total, two from the 4s orbital and one from the 3d orbital, resulting in the oxidation state +3, commonly found in compounds like TiCl₃.
     • +4 Oxidation State: Titanium loses four electrons, two from the 4s orbital and two from the 3d orbital, which is the most stable and prevalent state, as seen in TiO₂.