Question

The chemical agents most suitable for deflocculation process are
(A). Sodium metasilicate
(B). Sodium tripolyphosphate
(C). Sodium decaphosphate
(D). Sodium sesquisilicate
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

• A. (A) and (D) only
• B. (A), (B) and (D) only
• C. (A), (C) and (D) only
• D. (C) and (D) only

Hint:

Remember that two major classes of inorganic chemicals used as deflocculants (dispersing agents) are polyphosphates (like STPP) and silicates (like sodium metasilicate). They are key ingredients in many detergent and cleaning formulations.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding Deflocculation:
Deflocculation prevents colloidal particles from aggregating (forming flocs) or disperses existing flocs. Deflocculants, or dispersing agents, are used in detergents, ceramics, and water treatment. Common inorganic deflocculants include condensed phosphates and silicates.
Step 3: Analysis of Chemical Agents:
Analyzing the given chemical agents:
- (A) Sodium metasilicate and (D) Sodium sesquisilicate are alkali metal silicates, known deflocculants in cleaning and detergent products.
- (B) Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and (C) Sodium decaphosphate are polyphosphates. Polyphosphates are effective deflocculants and sequestrants used in industries like food processing and detergents.
- All four listed compounds can be used for deflocculation. The question requires selecting the most appropriate combination, implying varying degrees of commonality or effectiveness. Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) is a prevalent and potent deflocculant. Sodium decaphosphate is a less common term for polyphosphates. The best answer includes representative and commonly used agents from both silicate and phosphate classes. Option (B) contains common silicates and the widely used STPP.
Step 4: Conclusion:
Sodium metasilicate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and sodium sesquisilicate are effective and frequently used deflocculating agents, making option (B) a strong choice.