Question

The characteristic of Cleistogamous flowers is :

• A. They are pollinated by wind.
• B. They never open and are self-pollinated
• C. They are exclusively pollinated by insects.
• D. They are always open and cross pollinated

Hint:

Remember the two contrasting terms: \textbf{Chasmogamous} (chasma = open) flowers are open and allow for cross-pollination. \textbf{Cleistogamous} (cleisto = closed) flowers are closed and ensure self-pollination.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Concept Overview:
The question focuses on the defining trait of cleistogamous flowers. The term "cleisto" implies closed, while "gamy" relates to fertilization.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:


Cleistogamous flowers are modified to remain closed and bud-like, never opening to expose reproductive organs.
Because the flower remains closed, pollination via wind (anemophily) or insects (entomophily) is impossible.
Pollination occurs internally. Anthers release pollen directly onto the stigma, ensuring autogamy, or self-pollination.
Cleistogamy ensures seed production even without pollinators. {Viola} (Pansy) and {Commelina} often produce both open (chasmogamous) and closed (cleistogamous) flowers.
Analyzing the answer choices:

Options (A) and (C) are incorrect because external pollinators cannot access the closed flower.
Option (D) describes chasmogamous flowers, the opposite of cleistogamous flowers.
Option (B) correctly states that cleistogamous flowers remain closed and self-pollinate.
Step 3: Conclusion:
The defining characteristic of cleistogamous flowers is their closed nature, leading to self-pollination.