Question

The basic principle of earthquake resistant design of any structure is based on the following concept:

• A. Weak column – Strong beam
• B. Strong column – Weak beam
• C. Strong column – Strong beam
• D. Weak column – Weak beam

Hint:

Earthquake-resistant design always ensures ductile beam failure while keeping columns strong to avoid progressive collapse.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding earthquake-resistant design.
Earthquake-resistant design aims for ductile structural behavior, prioritizing life safety. The intended failure mechanism involves plastic hinges forming in beams, not columns, to prevent collapse.

Step 2: Strong Column – Weak Beam Concept.
This principle dictates that columns should be stronger than beams. Consequently, plastic hinges will develop in the beams, allowing for load redistribution and energy dissipation without immediate structural failure.

Step 3: Rationale for design choice.
- (A) Weak column – Strong beam: This configuration leads to column failure and catastrophic collapse, which is undesirable.
- (C) Strong column – Strong beam: This approach is neither practical nor economical in design.
- (D) Weak column – Weak beam: This scenario presents a significant safety hazard.

Step 4: Conclusion.
The optimal design philosophy for earthquake resistance is therefore the Strong column – Weak beam approach.