Step 1: Identify the Cross:
Parent 1: $TtYy$ (Tall, Yellow)
Parent 2: $Ttyy$ (Tall, Green)
Step 2: Analyze Traits Independently:
Assuming independent assortment:
Height ($Tt \times Tt$):
Genotypes: $1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt$
Phenotypes: $\frac{3}{4}$ Tall, $\frac{1}{4}$ Dwarf
Seed Colour ($Yy \times yy$):
Genotypes: $1 Yy : 1 yy$
Phenotypes: $\frac{1}{2}$ Yellow, $\frac{1}{2}$ Green
Step 3: Calculate Proportions for Required Phenotypes:
The question options focus on "Tall with Green seeds" and "Dwarf with Green seeds".
Tall with Green seeds:
\[ P(\text{Tall}) \times P(\text{Green}) = \frac{3}{4} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{3}{8} \]
Dwarf with Green seeds:
\[ P(\text{Dwarf}) \times P(\text{Green}) = \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{8} \]
Step 4: Match with Options:
Option (A) states "$\frac{3}{8}$ Tall plants with green seeds" and "$\frac{1}{8}$ Dwarf plants with green seeds". This matches our calculation.