Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow: (i) Name the defect of vision represented in the diagram. Give reason for your answer. (ii) List two causes of this defect. (iii) With the help of a diagram show how this defect of vision is corrected.
(i). Myopia (nearsightedness) is characterized by image formation anterior to the retina. This condition arises from: • An elongated eyeball. • An excessively convex lens, leading to increased refractive power. (ii). Two etiologies for this refractive error are: 1. Elongation of the eyeball, thereby increasing the lens-retina distance. 2. Hypercurvature of the cornea or lens, augmenting the refractive capacity. (iii) Illustrate the correction of this visual anomaly with a diagram. Correction: Myopia is rectified through the application of a concave lens, which refracts incident light rays outward, repositioning the focal point onto the retina.
