Question

Statements:
All cats are dogs.
Some dogs are birds.
Conclusions:
I. Some cats are birds.
II. Some dogs are cats.
Which conclusions follow?

• A. Only I follows
• B. Only II follows
• C. Both I and II follow
• D. Neither I nor II follows

Hint:

For syllogism problems, draw Venn diagrams to visualize set relationships. Test each conclusion by checking if it must be true in all possible diagrams. “All A are B” implies some B are A if A exists, but “some B are C” does not guarantee some A are C unless explicitly stated. Evaluate each conclusion independently.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To resolve this issue, we must examine the provided assertions and identify which deductions are logically sound.

1. Foundational Principles:

- Assertions: Established facts serving as the basis for deductions.
- Deductions: Inferences derived logically from the assertions.
- Employ set theory and logical principles for validity assessment.

2. Provided Assertions:

- Every feline is a canine.
- A subset of canines are avian creatures.

3. Deduction Evaluation:

- Deduction I: A subset of felines are avian creatures.
Given that all felines are canines and only a portion of canines are avian, it is not possible to infer that some felines are avian. Consequently, Deduction I lacks logical support.

- Deduction II: A subset of canines are felines.
Since all felines are canines, it logically follows that some canines are indeed felines. Thus, Deduction II is valid.

Conclusion:

Only Deduction II is valid.