Question

State whether the following statements are true or false and give reasons for your answers (any two):
(1) Policy of reservation of seats is important for social justice and equality.
(2) The state government decides as to when and in which constituencies the elections would be held in a particular state.
(3) People may lose confidence in the democratic process due to corruption during elections.

Hint:

To prevent the loss of confidence mentioned in Statement 3, the Election Commission enforces a \textbf{Model Code of Conduct} which restricts the government from announcing new projects once election dates are declared!

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
These statements relate to the constitutional provisions for social welfare and the independent functioning of the electoral machinery in India.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
(1) Reservation Policy:
True.
Reason: Historically, certain sections of society were deprived of education and employment opportunities.
Reason: The policy of reservation provides these marginalized groups (SC, ST, and OBC) with a fair share in power and resources, helping to bridge the social gap and establish social justice and equality as envisioned in the Constitution.

(2) Election Scheduling:
False.
Reason: To ensure that elections are free and fair, the power to schedule them is not given to the government (which is a participating party).
Reason: This responsibility lies entirely with the Election Commission of India. It is the Commission that decides the dates, phases, and constituencies for elections independently of the state or central government.

(3) Corruption in Elections:
True.
Reason: Democracy relies on the belief that every vote counts and the process is transparent. When malpractices like buying votes, booth capturing, or using muscle power occur, it undermines the principle of "one person, one vote."
Reason: If people feel that the results are manipulated or that their genuine choice does not matter, they become indifferent or cynical toward the democratic system.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Statement 1 is True because it addresses historical inequality; Statement 2 is False because election control belongs to the Election Commission; Statement 3 is True because integrity is the foundation of public trust in democracy.