Question

Sperm motility is due to __________.

• A. muscular movement
• B. flagellar movement
• C. ciliary movement
• D. amoeboid movement

Hint:

• The energy required for flagellar movement is provided by ATP generated in the mitochondria concentrated within the sperm's middle piece.

• Both cilia and flagella are extensions of the cell membrane that originate from basal bodies, which are structurally similar to centrioles.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understand the question.
We need to know what kind of movement makes a sperm cell swim.
Step 2: Picture the sperm.
A mature sperm has a head, a neck, a middle piece, and a long tail. The tail is the part that does the swimming.
Step 3: Identify the tail type.
The sperm tail is a flagellum, built on an axoneme with the classic $9+2$ arrangement of microtubules. Its whip-like lashing pushes the sperm forward.
Step 4: Check muscular movement.
Sperm have no muscle fibres, so muscular movement does not apply here.
Step 5: Check ciliary and amoeboid movement.
Cilia are short and many (as in the trachea or oviduct), and amoeboid movement uses pseudopodia (as in macrophages). A sperm has neither, it has one long tail.
Step 6: Conclude.
Because a single whip-like tail (flagellum) drives the sperm, the motility is flagellar movement, which is option (2).
\[ \boxed{\text{flagellar movement}} \]