Question

Select the item(s) that are NOT stipulated as obligatory function(s) of the urban local bodies as per the 12\textsuperscript{th} Schedule of the Indian Constitution.

• A. Urban poverty alleviation
• B. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects
• C. Special measures for disaster mitigation
• D. Prevention of cruelty to animals

Hint:

12th Schedule = 18 functions of ULBs. Remember: Urban poverty alleviation and cultural/educational aspects are included; disaster mitigation and animal cruelty prevention are not.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C, D

Step 1: Identify 12th Schedule Functions.
\nThe 12th Schedule, established by the 74th Constitutional Amendment in 1992, enumerates 18 functions for Urban Local Bodies. These include urban planning, water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, slum improvement, urban poverty alleviation, fire services, urban forestry, and the promotion of cultural and educational activities, among others. \n\n \n

Step 2: Evaluate Each Option.
\n- (A) Urban poverty alleviation: This function is explicitly listed in the 12th Schedule, making it obligatory. ✓
\n- (B) Promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects: This is also explicitly stated in the 12th Schedule, thus obligatory. ✓
\n- (C) Special measures for disaster mitigation: This is not specifically mentioned in the 12th Schedule and therefore not obligatory. ✗
\n- (D) Prevention of cruelty to animals: This falls under the purview of the Animal Welfare Board and is not a mandated function for Urban Local Bodies under the 12th Schedule. ✗ \n\n \n

Step 3: Determine Non-Obligatory Functions.
\nBased on the analysis, the functions that are NOT obligatory for Urban Local Bodies as per the 12th Schedule are (C) and (D). \n\n \n

Final Answer: \n\[\n\boxed{\text{(C) and (D)}}\n\]