Question

Select the correct statement(s) from the following.

• A. Introduction of automobiles led to urban sprawl.
• B. Compact cities show relatively higher carbon emissions.
• C. Land use and transportation planning is inter-dependent on each other.
• D. Addition of a transport mode in an urban area does not change accessibility.

Hint:

Compact cities = lower emissions. Urban sprawl = direct result of automobile dependency.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, C

Step 1: Impact of Automobiles.
The advent of automobiles granted individuals enhanced mobility, facilitating the horizontal expansion of cities. This phenomenon is termed urban sprawl. \[(A) \; \text{Correct}\]

Step 2: Compact Cities and Carbon Emissions.
Cities characterized by compactness, integrated land uses, and higher population density actually shorten travel distances and lessen reliance on vehicles. This results in reduced, not increased, carbon emissions. \[(B) \; \text{Incorrect}\]

Step 3: Interrelation of Land Use and Transportation.
Decisions regarding land use influence transportation demand, while transportation infrastructure in turn shapes land use patterns. These two elements are highly interdependent. \[(C) \; \text{Correct}\]

Step 4: Influence of New Transportation Systems.
The implementation of new transportation systems (such as metro or BRT) substantially modifies accessibility, travel options, and the structure of urban areas. Consequently, the assertion that it does not alter accessibility is inaccurate. \[(D) \; \text{Incorrect}\]

Step 5: Summary.
The accurate statements are (A) and (C).

Final Result: \[\boxed{\text{(A) and (C)}}\]