Question

Rohan, a 16-year-old student, got injured after colliding with Sachin during a football match. He was having unbearable pain in his ankle, and it was swollen. The coach noticed a collection of blood outside the blood vessel on Sachin's forehead, too. He immediately gave first aid to both and rushed them to the hospital. Based on this case study, answer the following questions:
(i) What type of injury did Rohan suffer?
(ii) Sachin had _____ on his forehead.
(iii) If Sachin suffered abrasion during the injury, which of the following symptoms would he have?
(iv) A fracture in a soft bone, in which the bone bends, is known as \underline{\hspace{2cm}}}

Hint:

To distinguish between Sprain and Strain: Remember T for Tendon/muscle = Strain. If it involves a ligament (linking bone to bone), it's a Sprain.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:  
Sports injuries are classified into three main categories: Soft Tissue Injuries (skin, muscles, ligaments), Bone Injuries (fractures), and Joint Injuries (dislocations). Each injury has specific physical symptoms that help in identification. 

Step 2: Key Formula or Approach: 
Ligament injury = Sprain (Ankle common). 
Blood collection/Bruising = Contusion or Hematoma. 
Skin scraping = Abrasion. 
Bone bending = Greenstick fracture. 

Step 3: Detailed Explanation: 
 

1. (i) Rohan's Ankle Injury: Ankle swelling and pain after a sudden twist or collision usually involve ligaments. A ligament injury is called a (C) Sprain.
2. (ii) Sachin's Forehead Injury: A collection of blood under the skin caused by a blunt force (without the skin breaking) is a (A) Contusion.
3. (iii) Abrasion Symptoms: An abrasion is a superficial skin injury. It is characterized by the (B) Rubbing away of the upper layer of the epidermis (scraped skin).
4. (iv) Soft Bone Bending: This typically occurs in children whose bones are flexible. It is known as a (C) Greenstick fracture, where the bone cracks or bends but does not break into separate pieces.

Step 4: Final Answer: 
(i) (C) Sprain
(ii) (A) Contusion
(iii) (B) Rubbing away of the upper layer of epidermis
(iv) (C) Greenstick fracture

Answer 2

These four sub-answers can be worked out by grouping sports injuries into two families, soft-tissue injuries (skin and connective tissue) and bone injuries, and placing each character's symptom into the right family.

Soft-tissue injuries in this case:
Rohan's twisted, swollen, painful ankle points to a joint/ligament problem rather than a skin or bone one, so his injury is a sprain.
Sachin's forehead shows blood pooled beneath unbroken skin from a knock, which is a contusion, and if the skin itself had been scraped off instead, that would be an abrasion, identified by the top layer of skin being rubbed away.

Bone injury in this case:
The last sub-question is about a bone that bends rather than breaks cleanly. Children's and teenagers' bones have more flexibility than an adult's, so instead of snapping, the bone develops a partial crack while staying bent, this specific pattern is called a greenstick fracture.

Putting the two families together: (i) Sprain, (ii) Contusion, (iii) Rubbing away of the upper layer of the epidermis, (iv) Greenstick fracture.