Noam Chomsky’s theories are the most influential in modern linguistics, followed by Panini, Saussure, and Bloomfield.
Global influence of linguists, ordered by historical and contemporary significance (descending):
1. Noam Chomsky (modern linguistics pioneer)
2. Panini (ancient Indian founder of formal linguistics)
3. Ferdinand de Saussure (prominent structuralist)
4. Leonard Bloomfield (leading American structural linguist)