Comprehension
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below:
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON INDIA, CHINA, AND PAKISTAN India, China, and Pakistan have traveled more than seven decades of developmental path with varied results. Till the late 1970s, all of them were maintaining the same level of low development. The last three decades have taken these countries to different levels. India, with democratic institutions, performed moderately, but the majority of its people still depend on agriculture. India has taken many initiatives to develop the infrastructure and improve the standard of living. Scholars are of the opinion that political instability, over-dependence on remittances and foreign aid along with volatile performance of the agriculture sector are the reasons for the slowdown of the Pakistan economy. Yet, in the last five years, many macroeconomic indicators began showing positive and moderate growth rates reflecting the economic recovery. In China, the lack of political freedom and its implications for human rights are major concerns; yet, in the last four decades, it used the ’market system without losing political commitment’ and succeeded in raising the level of growth along with alleviation of poverty. Which of the following is not true about the Chinese Economy in the last few decades?
Question: 1

Which of the following is not true about the Chinese economy in the last few decades?

Updated On: Apr 2, 2026
  • Lack of political freedom
  • Rise in the level of growth
  • Use of market system without compromising with political commitment
  • Granting the people right to make social, political, and economic decisions
Show Solution

The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

The inquiry aims to determine which assertion is false regarding the Chinese economy over the past few decades. A review of the provided text and each option leads to the following conclusions:

  1. Absence of Political Freedom: The text acknowledges that a deficit in political freedom and its associated human rights issues are significant concerns in China. This statement is corroborated by the passage.
  2. Ascent in Growth Levels: The passage indicates that China has achieved success in elevating its growth rates. Consequently, this statement is also accurate.
  3. Implementation of a Market System Uncompromised by Political Dedication: The text states that China has employed its market system without sacrificing its political commitments. Therefore, this statement is also valid.
  4. Empowerment of Citizens with Rights for Social, Political, and Economic Decision-Making: The provided text offers no evidence to support this claim. On the contrary, it highlights the lack of political freedom, implying that such rights are not extended to the populace in China. Thus, this statement is unsubstantiated by the passage.

Based on this evaluation, the accurate response is "Granting the people right to make social, political, and economic decisions."

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Question: 2

Which of the following is similar in India, China, and Pakistan?

Updated On: Apr 2, 2026
  • Political system (all the three are democracies)
  • Economic system (all the three are mixed economies)
  • All the three adopted a five-year planning system
  • All the three have similar population growth rate
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The Correct Option is C

Solution and Explanation

Economic strategies in India, China, and Pakistan incorporated a five-year planning system.
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Question: 3

Till the 1970s, all three economies were maintaining similar growth rates. What led to accelerated development in China after that?

Updated On: Apr 2, 2026
  • Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
  • Economic reforms in China
  • One-child policy
  • Great Leap Forward
Show Solution

The Correct Option is B

Solution and Explanation

Beginning in the late 1970s, China embarked on economic reforms that profoundly reshaped its economy, spurring rapid development. Primarily spearheaded by Deng Xiaoping, these reforms transitioned China from a command economy to one with market orientation. A pivotal reform was the "Household Responsibility System," which replaced collective farming with individual household agricultural management, leading to a substantial increase in farm output.
Furthermore, China established Special Economic Zones (SEZs) designed to draw foreign investment through preferential taxation and regulatory leniency. These zones evolved into hubs for manufacturing and export, resulting in a significant surge in China's GDP and the creation of numerous employment opportunities.
The reform agenda also encompassed opening the economy to global trade, decentralizing economic planning, permitting private enterprises, and enacting fiscal policies that fostered an environment conducive to economic expansion. These wide-ranging reforms revolutionized China's economy, leading to a growth rate that significantly outpaced that of India and Pakistan, nations that did not implement comparable reform measures during that period.
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Question: 4

In which of the following economies does the right to private property exist?

Updated On: Apr 2, 2026
  • India and China
  • China and Pakistan
  • In India, China, and Pakistan
  • India and Pakistan
Show Solution

The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

The existence of private property rights in various economies requires an examination of the economic policies in India, China, and Pakistan.

India: As a democratic nation with a mixed economy, India acknowledges the right to private property. Its legal system upholds these rights, enabling individuals to possess and transfer assets.

China: China operates under a socialist market economy, characterized by substantial state control over resources. Although market reforms have permitted certain forms of private ownership, the establishment of private property rights equivalent to those in democratic nations is not fully realized.

Pakistan: Pakistan, like India, employs a mixed economic approach that recognizes and legally safeguards private property. Both its constitution and regulatory structures permit individual property ownership.

Consequently, based on this evaluation, the economies where the right to private property is present are: India and Pakistan.

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