Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Radiopharmaceuticals are medicinal products that contain radioactive isotopes. They emit ionizing radiation (alpha, beta, or gamma rays), which can be harmful to living tissue and the environment if not properly shielded.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Shielding: The primary requirement for storing radioactive materials is to block or attenuate the radiation.
2. Lead Properties: Lead is a high-density material with a high atomic number, making it extremely effective at absorbing X-rays and gamma radiation.
3. Safety: Storing these drugs in lead-lined containers ensures that the radiation is contained within the storage unit, protecting healthcare workers and preventing environmental contamination.
4. Other Materials: Glass and plastic provide negligible shielding for high-energy radiation.
Step 3: Final Answer:
To comply with radiation safety standards and protect personnel, radiopharmaceuticals must be kept in specialized lead-lined containers.