Step 1: Understanding the theories.
Theories of domestication and foreignization are central to translation studies, explaining how translators address cultural and linguistic disparities between source and target texts.
Step 2: About Lawrence Venuti.
Lawrence Venuti, an American translation theorist, introduced these concepts in the 1990s.
- Domestication: This strategy aims to make the translated text feel native to the target audience.
- Foreignization: This approach retains source language elements to preserve its cultural essence.
Step 3: Analysis of options.
- (1) Roman Jakobson: Contributed to linguistic translation theories but not domestication/foreignization.
- (2) Lawrence Venuti: Correct; formulated the concepts of domestication and foreignization.
- (3) Eugene Nida: Known for dynamic and formal equivalence theories.
- (4) Anton Popovic: Known for translation shifts, not these specific theories.
Step 4: Conclusion.
Therefore, the theories of domestication and foreignization were put forth by Lawrence Venuti.