Question:easy
Pentalogy of Fallot has which one of the following entities:
Pentalogy of Fallot has which one of the following entities:
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Pentalogy of Fallot is tetralogy plus one more shunt at the atrial level.
Updated On: Jun 24, 2026
- ASD
- Coarctation of aorta
- LVH
- PDA
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
To answer this you must first hold the classic tetrad in mind: pulmonary stenosis, a ventricular septal defect, an overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy together make up tetralogy of Fallot.
The word pentalogy signals a count of five, so one extra defect is added to that tetrad. The lesion that is added is a communication at the atrial level, namely an atrial septal defect (or a patent foramen ovale). Thus pentalogy equals the tetralogy plus an ASD.
Checking the distractors confirms this: coarctation of the aorta is a separate left-sided obstructive lesion, left ventricular hypertrophy is wrong because Fallot physiology produces right ventricular hypertrophy, and a patent ductus arteriosus, while it can coexist and help oxygenation, is not the defining fifth component.
So the fifth entity that converts a tetralogy into a pentalogy is the atrial septal defect.
\[\boxed{\text{ASD}}\]
The word pentalogy signals a count of five, so one extra defect is added to that tetrad. The lesion that is added is a communication at the atrial level, namely an atrial septal defect (or a patent foramen ovale). Thus pentalogy equals the tetralogy plus an ASD.
Checking the distractors confirms this: coarctation of the aorta is a separate left-sided obstructive lesion, left ventricular hypertrophy is wrong because Fallot physiology produces right ventricular hypertrophy, and a patent ductus arteriosus, while it can coexist and help oxygenation, is not the defining fifth component.
So the fifth entity that converts a tetralogy into a pentalogy is the atrial septal defect.
\[\boxed{\text{ASD}}\]
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